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Definition

Orchestration

Orchestration is the layer that coordinates several models, tools, and steps into one working pipeline, deciding what runs when and passing results from one stage to the next.

Real systems are rarely one model call. They are a sequence: classify the request, retrieve the right data, draft a response, check it, act. Orchestration is the conductor that runs those steps in order, handles failures, and keeps state.

It is where most of the engineering actually lives once the model choice is made, and it is what makes the difference between a clever prompt and a dependable service.

Related terms

  • AI agent: An AI agent is a system that uses a language model to decide which steps to take and which tools to call to finish a goal, instead of just answering a single prompt.
  • Workflow automation: Workflow automation is the practice of moving a repeatable business process from manual steps to a system that runs it end to end, with a person involved only where judgement is actually needed.
  • Model Context Protocol (MCP): The Model Context Protocol is an open standard that lets an AI model connect to external tools and data sources through one consistent interface, instead of a custom integration for each one.